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Rabu, 27 Februari 2013

Noun Clauses

20.22 | Diposting oleh | | Edit Entri
Noun Clauses

Putting It All Together
Expansion Activity


TOPICS:                     Workplace /Professional Values and Culture

  • Read the following interview with an expert on Workplace Culture.
  • Take three separate parts of the dialogue and rewrite it using noun clauses (reported speech, embedded questions) and appropriate verbs.
  • Post your sentences.

EXAMPLE:

(See first two lines of dialog)
ANSWER:

Mark Molland asked Dr. Rau whether the work-life balance policies have been effective.
Dr. Rau replied that they were ineffective whenever employees felt inhibited or were prevented from using these policies.

Mark Molland (MM):So, in your view are work-life policies likely to be ineffective?

Dr. Rau (R.):               Making work-life balance policies available is an important step in helping employees balance their work and personal lives. However, these policies will be ineffective when employees feel inhibited or are prevented from using these policies.

MM:                           What are the conditions for ensuring that these policies actually help employees?

R:                                When introducing policies aimed at helping employees balance their work and personal lives, it is important to ensure that the workplace culture supports employees’ use of these policies.

MM:                           Can you list some of the specific benefits for both employers and employees?

R:                                A supportive workplace culture has been associated with a variety of benefits for both employees and employers, including higher levels of affective commitment to the organization, lower intention to leave the organization, higher levels of job satisfaction, lower levels of stress and the experience of less conflict between work and family responsibilities.

MM:                           What in your view is the single most important factor in employees using the policies and their general attitude towards the company?

R:                                The culture in the organization is crucial in determining whether employees will use the policies and their general attitudes towards the organization. For employees and employers to enjoy the benefits of work-life balance policies, the culture and work environment need to be addressed when implementing such policies. 


 http://flang1.kendall.mdc.edu/6/603A/L603expansion/603expansion.htm


Used to

20.19 | Diposting oleh | | Edit Entri
Used to 

Used to do
We use 'used to' for something that happened regularly in the past but no longer happens.
  • I used to smoke a packet a day but I stopped two years ago.
  • Ben used to travel a lot in his job but now, since his promotion, he doesn't.
  • I used to drive to work but now I take the bus.
We also use it for something that was true but  no longer is.
  • There used to be a cinema in the town but now there isn't.
  • She used to have really long hair but she's had it all cut off.
  • I didn't use to like him but now I do.
'Used to do' is different from 'to be used to doing' and 'to get used to doing'
to be used to doing
We use 'to be used to doing' to say that something is normal, not unusual.
  • I'm used to living on my own. I've done it for quite a long time.
  • Hans has lived in England for over a year so he is used to driving on the left now.
  • They've always lived in hot countries so they aren't used to the cold weather here.
to get used to doing
We use 'to get used to doing' to talk about the process of something becoming normal for us.
  • I didn't understand the accent when I first moved here but I quickly got used to it.
  • She has started working nights and is still getting used to sleeping during the day.
  • I have always lived in the country but now I'm beginning to get used to living in the city.
 http://www.englishgrammarsecrets.com/usedto/menu.php

conjunctions

20.16 | Diposting oleh | | Edit Entri

 conjunctions

Correlative conjunctions work in pairs to join words and groups of words of equal weight in a sentence. There are six different pairs of correlative conjunctions:
  1. either...or
  2. not only...but (also)
  3. neither...nor (or increasingly neither...or)
  4. both...and
  5. whether...or
  6. just as...so
Examples:
  • You either do your work or prepare for a trip to the office.
  • Not only is he handsome, but he is also brilliant.
  • Neither the basketball team nor the football team is doing well.
  • Both the cross country team and the swimming team are doing well.
  • Whether you stay or you go, it's your decision.
  • Just as Aussies love Aussie rules football, so many Canadians love ice hockey.
 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conjunction_%28grammar%29

Arguing

20.02 | Diposting oleh | | Edit Entri

Arguing



JO: There’s no point in arguing with you, I’ll never win.

TOM: No, because I’m right!

JO: Not because of that, because you’re better at arguing than me.

TOM: Eh? You’re not stupid. If I’m wrong, you should be able to show that I’m wrong. If you can’t, then saying I’m better at arguing than you is just another of saying I’m right and you’re wrong!

JO: Not at all. Just because you can construct better arguments than me, that doesn’t mean you’re right. People can construct very good arguments for false positions.

TOM: Sure they do, but if we’re committed to rational debate, then you surely have to accept whatever the best argument leads you to. You wouldn’t say “There’s no point arguing with you, your evidence is better than mine”. If I have better evidence, you should agree with me; likewise if I have better arguments.

JO: It’s not quite the same. If the evidence supports one theory better than another, then we both have good reasons for accepting that. But the strength of arguments depends much more on the strength of the arguer. For example, I bet if you wanted to, you could beat me in almost any argument, even if you chose to defend a position you thought was false.

TOM: I’m not sure about that! But even if it’s true, you’ve got a problem. I assume you think that as a rational person, you should accept whatever position has the best arguments in favour of it?
JO: I guess so.

TOM: Well better arguments are bound to come from people who are better arguers! So you can’t just refuse to accept what I say on the basis that I’m better at arguing than you.

JO: I still think I’m on to something here, but, as usual, right now, you have the better argument.

TOM: Because I’m right!

JO: Because you’re the better arguer – it’s not the same.

TOM: Grr!



 http://blog.talkingphilosophy.com/?p=183

Expression of agreement and disagreement

19.57 | Diposting oleh | | Edit Entri

Disagree in Dialog:


John: Hey what do u think about this movie?
Zedo: I think this movie is really good.
John: I don't think so. This movie is so boring that I sleep while watch it. The plot is flat and there is not any suspense in the story. I like watching film but this time I disagree with you

Agree in Dialog:

Ati: Hey, Look at my new Ring , isn't it cool??
Bis: Yeah, I absolutely agree with you, your ring is so cool. It perfectly matches with your finger. It must be a very expensive ring.

 http://tipsenglish76.blogspot.com/2011/11/example-of-dialog-about-agreement-and.html

Expressing Opinions

19.52 | Diposting oleh | | Edit Entri

 Expressing Opinions

Guest: What did you think of the Saxophone Restaurant in Patong?
Staff: If you like jazz, it’s a very good place and the food is pretty good.
Guest: In your opinion, do you think that my kids would like to go elephant trekking?
Staff: Well, most children seem to enjoy it.
Guest: Do you agree that Thailand should legalize gambling?
Staff: Actually I do, I think it would generate more tourist dollars and income for the government.
Staff: Even though Thai boxing is a Thai national sport, I personally think it’s savage and brutal.
Guest: Really, I kind of like it.

Giving and responding to compliment

19.50 | Diposting oleh | | Edit Entri

Giving and responding to compliment 


 Staff: What a beautiful dress, Ms. Elliot.
Guest: Thanks, I’m glad you like it.
Staff: Your new hair-do looks absolutely gorgeous, Mrs. Simpson.
Guest: How kind of you to say so.
Guest: My compliments to the chef. This linguine is superb.
Staff: Thank you ma’am. I’ll be sure to let the chef know.
Guest: Your English is very good.
Staff: Thank you very much.
Staff: Excellent game Mr. Johnson. You really gave me a workout.
Guest: Thanks, I guess all those private lessons are finally paying off.
Guest: I really appreciate all the extra work you did on helping us solve that problem. It
    truly went above and beyond. My compliments to your work ethic.
Staff: Thank you sir, how kind of you to say so.


Expressing Certainty

19.44 | Diposting oleh | | Edit Entri
Expressing Certainty
 
When you are sure that something will or will not happen in the future, use these expressions, you may respond as follows:
or
Yes,
I am (absolutely / quite)
sure
certain
possitive
(he will)
definitely.
certainly.
of course.
or
-          It’s confirmed
-          No doubt
-          One hundred percent sure.
 Here is an example of the use of the expressions in the conversation.
Tamrin       :  Hey, don’t you know that we have a school bus now?
Firman       : Are you certain?
Tamrin       : Yes, of course. The headmaster himself told me.

 http://ikrapuncak.blogspot.com/2011/05/expressions-of-certainty-and.html

Bargaining / haggle

19.40 | Diposting oleh | | Edit Entri

Dialogue - Bargaining at a Flea-Market

Bargaining
(at a flea-market)
Vendor: Hello, Madam, What can I do for you today?
Customer: (picking up a beautiful hand-painted plate) This is quite lovely. Where was it made?
Vendor: Oh, I see you have excellent taste. Yes, that is beautiful, isn't it? It's local pottery. I think it was painted here by a local artist.
Customer: It's really something... do you have anything else by this artist?
Vendor: Well, I'm not really sure who exactly painted which pieces of pottery, but here are some similar pieces.
Customer: No, they're really not the same.
Vendor: Well, how about these here? I had them brought in just this morning.
Customer: Yes, those are quite nice. What about the prices?
Vendor: Obviously, it depends on what you would like to buy. That plate that you were first looking at costs $50.
Customer: $50! That's quite expensive. I can't afford that.
Vendor: Remember these are hand painted pieces of pottery, that kind of handicraft work doesn't come cheaply.
Customer: Yes, I understand that. But I really think that $50 is just too much.
Vendor: Listen, I can see that you are in love with that plate. Let's just make it $45. I'd really like you to take that home with you.
Customer: How about $35. I really can't go any higher than that.
Vendor: I really can't, I mean that would be selling at cost.
Customer: Well, $38 is absolutely the most I can spend.
Vendor: All right. I really shouldn't. The artist is going to have me put out of business for selling his wares at such low prices.
Customer: Come, come. Let's not exaggerate.
Vendor: You're a clever one, aren't you?
Customer: I'm just someone who pays close attention to what I spend.
Vendor: There's no shame in that. Here you are. (hands the plate to the customer)
Customer: Thank you very much.
Vendor: Thank you, have a pleasant day.

 http://englishspm.blogspot.com/2009/01/dialogue-bargaining-at-flea-market.html

Giving and responding to invitations

19.33 | Diposting oleh | | Edit Entri

Giving and responding to invitations

Do you know how to invite someone to your house for dinner or to go to the movies?
What do you say in English when someone invites you?
Here are some common expressions you can use when making or responding to invitations

Inviting:

  • Do you want to go to the movies tonight?
  • Would you like to go to the theater tomorrow?
  • Would you be interested in going to the the stadium next Sunday?
  • How do you fancy going to the the restaurant for dinner?
  • How about going to the movies?
  • Care to come over for lunch?
  • I was just wondering if you would like to come over for a drink.
  • We'd be delighted to have you over for my birthday party.

Accepting invitations:

  • Sure. What time?
  • I'd love to, thanks.
  • That's very kind of you, thanks.
  • That sounds lovely, thank you.
  • What a great idea, thank you.
  • Sure. When should I be there?

    Dialogue:

    Mike and Ann are in a wedding party: 
    Mike: Do you want to dance?
    Ann: No thanks. I'm a bit tired right now
    Mike: How about having a drink?
    Ann: Sure, I'd love to!
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